Sanding is one of the most overlooked steps in a kitchen cabinet refresh. Still, it makes all the difference between a DIY disaster and a finish that looks like it came from professional cabinet makers. The goal is simple: create a smooth, even surface that paint or stain can actually grip onto. This guide walks you through everything from picking the right sandpaper grit to handling those tricky corners and detailed edges. You’ll learn which tools actually matter, how to properly prep your cabinets, and techniques to prevent common mistakes. By the end, you’ll have the know-how to tackle this project with confidence.
Necessary Tools and Materials
Before you start sanding, round up your supplies so you’re not running to the hardware store mid-project. You’ll need a power sander, sandpaper in both coarse and fine grits, a sanding block, tack cloth, a dust mask, safety goggles, and gloves. The power sander saves a ton of time and gives you an even finish across flat surfaces. Coarse grit handles old finishes and rough spots, while fine grit polishes things up. A sanding block helps you reach into corners that the power sander can’t. Don’t skip the dust mask and goggles; wood dust is no joke. Keep a tack cloth handy to wipe away dust before moving to the next step.
Preparing the Cabinets for Sanding
A clean surface is the foundation for a solid finish. Start by taking off all cabinet doors and hardware. Mix a mild detergent with water and wipe down every surface, inside and out. Pay extra attention to areas near the stove since grease builds up there fast. For stubborn grime, a 50/50 mix of vinegar and water cuts through it well. Rinse everything with clean water and let it dry completely. No shortcuts here. Sanding over grease or dirt will give you a lousy finish, so take your time with this step.
Choosing the Right Sandpaper Grit
Picking the right grit depends on your cabinet’s condition and how much material needs to come off. For heavy-duty work like stripping old finishes or smoothing rough wood, start with 80 or 100 grit. Once the surface looks better, move to a medium grit, like 120 or 150, to remove scratches left by the coarser paper. For the final pass before painting or staining, use 220-grit or higher to achieve a smooth, ready-to-finish surface. The key is working your way up gradually; jumping from coarse to fine too fast leaves visible scratches.
Sanding Techniques for Smooth Surfaces
Good technique matters just as much as the right tools. Always sand with the grain of the wood using light to medium pressure. Going in circles or back and forth creates uneven spots you’ll regret later. Keep the sandpaper flat against the surface to avoid dips or gouges. Work through your grits in order, from coarse to fine, for the smoothest results. Check your progress under a bright light to spot any rough patches. A sanding block or sponge helps distribute pressure evenly, and wipes the surface clean between grits, so leftover particles don’t scratch your work.
Dealing With Difficult Areas and Detailing
Corners, grooves, and decorative details take extra patience. For tight spots, wrap a small piece of sandpaper around something thin like a credit card or popsicle stick. Work gently and follow the wood grain to avoid splintering. Sanding sponges work great for curved or ornate designs since they conform to the shape. Go easy on detailed areas; over-sanding can flatten the design or create uneven surfaces. Rushing through the tricky spots is where most DIY projects go sideways.
Cleaning Up and Preparing for Finishing Coat
Once sanding is done, it’s time for cleanup. Use a vacuum with a brush attachment to suck up all the dust from the cabinets and the surrounding area. Follow up with a damp cloth to catch anything the vacuum missed. Let everything dry, then inspect the cabinets closely for rough spots or areas you may have skipped. Touch those up before moving on. Apply a coat of primer to help your paint or stain stick properly, and let it dry fully before adding your finishing coat.
Related Topics: